Majjhima Nikāya 23 Vammikasutta Evaṁ me sutaṁ— ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.

Vammikasutta - The Ant-Hill

Thus have I heard:

On one occasion, the Blessed One was residing at Sāvatthī, in the Jeta's Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika's Park.

Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā kumārakassapo andhavane viharati.

At that time, the venerable Kumārakassapa was dwelling in the Dark Forest.

Atha kho aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṁ andhavanaṁ obhāsetvā yenāyasmā kumārakassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhāsi.

Then, in the middle of the night, a certain deity, with splendid beauty that illuminated the entire forest, approached the venerable Kumārakassapa.

Ekamantaṁ ṭhitā kho sā devatā āyasmantaṁ kumārakassapaṁ etadavoca: “Bhikkhu bhikkhu, ayaṁ vammiko rattiṁ dhūmāyati, divā pajjalati.

Standing to one side, the deity addressed him:

Disciple, disciple, this anthill smokes at night, and blazes by day. The Brahmin says:

‘Examine, wise one, taking the knife.

Brāhmaṇo evamāha: ‘abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyā’ti.

Examining, the wise one, with knife in hand, saw a hinge.

Abhikkhaṇanto sumedho satthaṁ ādāya addasa laṅgiṁ ‘laṅgī, bhadante’ti.

‘A hinge, venerable sir, he said.

The Brahmin said:

‘Lift the hinge;

Brāhmaṇo evamāha: ‘ukkhipa laṅgiṁ; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyā’ti.

examine, wise one, taking the knife.

Abhikkhaṇanto sumedho satthaṁ ādāya addasa uddhumāyikaṁ.

Examining, the wise one, with knife in hand, saw a toad.

‘Uddhumāyikā, bhadante’ti.

‘A toad, venerable sir, he said.

Brāhmaṇo evamāha: ‘ukkhipa uddhumāyikaṁ; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyā’ti.

The Brahmin said:

‘Lift the toad;

examine, wise one, taking the knife.

Abhikkhaṇanto sumedho satthaṁ ādāya addasa dvidhāpathaṁ.

Examining, the wise one, with knife in hand, saw a path junction.

‘Dvidhāpatho, bhadante’ti.

‘A path junction, venerable sir, he said.

Brāhmaṇo evamāha: ‘ukkhipa dvidhāpathaṁ; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyā’ti.

The Brahmin said:

‘Lift the path junction;

examine, wise one, taking the knife.

Abhikkhaṇanto sumedho satthaṁ ādāya addasa caṅgavāraṁ.

Examining, the wise one, with knife in hand, saw a fork.

‘Caṅgavāro, bhadante’ti.

‘A fork, venerable sir, he said.

Brāhmaṇo evamāha: ‘ukkhipa caṅgavāraṁ; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyā’ti.

The Brahmin said:

‘Lift the fork;

examine, wise one, taking the knife.

Abhikkhaṇanto sumedho satthaṁ ādāya addasa kummaṁ.

Examining, the wise one, with knife in hand, saw a tortoise.

‘Kummo, bhadante’ti.

‘A tortoise, venerable sir, he said.

Brāhmaṇo evamāha: ‘ukkhipa kummaṁ; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyā’ti.

The Brahmin said:

‘Lift the tortoise;

examine, wise one, taking the knife.

Abhikkhaṇanto sumedho satthaṁ ādāya addasa asisūnaṁ.

Examining, the wise one, with knife in hand, saw a sheaf of blades.

‘Asisūnā, bhadante’ti.

‘A sheaf of blades, venerable sir, he said.

Brāhmaṇo evamāha: ‘ukkhipa asisūnaṁ; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyā’ti.

The Brahmin said:

‘Lift the sheaf of blades;

examine, wise one, taking the knife.

Abhikkhaṇanto sumedho satthaṁ ādāya addasa maṁsapesiṁ.

Examining, the wise one, with knife in hand, saw a piece of meat.

‘Maṁsapesi, bhadante’ti.

‘A piece of meat, venerable sir, he said.

Brāhmaṇo evamāha: ‘ukkhipa maṁsapesiṁ; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyā’ti.

The Brahmin said:

‘Lift the piece of meat;

examine, wise one, taking the knife.

Abhikkhaṇanto sumedho satthaṁ ādāya addasa nāgaṁ.

Examining, the wise one, with knife in hand, saw a serpent.

‘Nāgo, bhadante’ti.

‘A serpent, venerable sir, he said.

Brāhmaṇo evamāha: ‘tiṭṭhatu nāgo, mā nāgaṁ ghaṭṭesi; namo karohi nāgassā’ti.

The Brahmin said:

‘Let the serpent be; do not disturb the serpent. Pay homage to the serpent.

Ime kho tvaṁ, bhikkhu, pañhe bhagavantaṁ upasaṅkamitvā puccheyyāsi, yathā ca te bhagavā byākaroti tathā naṁ dhāreyyāsi. Nāhaṁ taṁ, bhikkhu, passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya, yo imesaṁ pañhānaṁ veyyākaraṇena cittaṁ ārādheyya aññatra tathāgatena vā, tathāgatasāvakena vā, ito vā pana sutvā”ti— Idamavoca sā devatā.

Disciple, you should approach the Blessed One with these questions, and remember them as he explains.

I do not see, disciple, anyone in this world with its gods, with its Māras and Brahmās, in this generation with its ascetics and Brahmins, with its gods and humans, who could satisfy the mind by explaining these questions, other than a Tathāgata or a disciple of the Tathāgata, or someone who has heard from them.

Thus spoke the deity.

Idaṁ vatvā tatthevantaradhāyi.

Having said this, she disappeared on the spot.

Atha kho āyasmā kumārakassapo tassā rattiyā accayena yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi.

Then, at the end of that night, Venerable Kumārakassapa approached the Blessed One; having approached, he paid homage to the Blessed One and sat down to one side.

Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā kumārakassapo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “imaṁ, bhante, rattiṁ aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṁ andhavanaṁ obhāsetvā yenāhaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhāsi.

Sitting to one side, Venerable Kumārakassapa spoke to the Blessed One:

Venerable sir, in the middle of the night, a certain deity, of brilliant luminosity, illuminating the entire Andhavana grove, approached me; having approached, she stood to one side. Standing to one side, she said to me:

Ekamantaṁ ṭhitā kho, bhante, sā devatā maṁ etadavoca: ‘bhikkhu bhikkhu, ayaṁ vammiko rattiṁ dhūmāyati, divā pajjalati.

Disciple, disciple, this anthill smokes by night and blazes by day.

A Brahmin says thus:

Strike, wise one, with the sword.

The wise one, striking with the sword...

Brāhmaṇo evamāha: “abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyā”ti.

or having heard from here.

Thus spoke the deity, Venerable sir.

Abhikkhaṇanto sumedho satthaṁ ādāya …pe…

Having said this, she disappeared on the spot.

What, Venerable sir, is the anthill?

What is the smoking by night?

What is the blazing by day?

Who is the Brahmin?

Who is the wise one?

What is the sword?

ito vā pana sutvā’ti.

What is the striking?

What is the snake?

Idamavoca, bhante, sā devatā.

What are the unthreaded creepers?

What is the two-forked path?

What is the raft?

What is the tortoise?

Idaṁ vatvā tatthevantaradhāyi.

What is the butcher’s knife?

Ko nu kho, bhante, vammiko, kā rattiṁ dhūmāyanā, kā divā pajjalanā, ko brāhmaṇo, ko sumedho, kiṁ satthaṁ, kiṁ abhikkhaṇaṁ, kā laṅgī, kā uddhumāyikā, ko dvidhāpatho, kiṁ caṅgavāraṁ, ko kummo, kā asisūnā, kā maṁsapesi, ko nāgo”ti?

What is the lump of meat? Who is the dragon?

‘Anthill, disciple, is a designation for this body composed of the four great elements, born of mother and father, built up by rice and gruel, subject to impermanence, to abrasion, erosion, dissolution, and disintegration.

“‘Vammiko’ti kho, bhikkhu, imassetaṁ cātumahābhūtikassa kāyassa adhivacanaṁ, mātāpettikasambhavassa odanakummāsūpacayassa aniccucchādanaparimaddanabhedanaviddhaṁsanadhammassa. Yaṁ kho, bhikkhu, divā kammante ārabbha rattiṁ anuvitakketi anuvicāreti— ayaṁ rattiṁ dhūmāyanā.

That which a disciple ponders and deliberates upon by night after considering his work in the daytime:this is the smoking by night.

Yaṁ kho, bhikkhu, rattiṁ anuvitakketvā anuvicāretvā divā kammante payojeti kāyena vācāya manasā— ayaṁ divā pajjalanā.

That which a disciple does in the daytime after having pondered and deliberated upon it by night through body, speech, and mind:this is the blazing by day.

‘Brāhmaṇo’ti kho, bhikkhu, tathāgatassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ arahato sammāsambuddhassa.

‘Brahmin, disciple, is a designation for the Tathāgata, the Arahant, the Perfectly Enlightened One.

‘Sumedho’ti kho, bhikkhu, sekkhassetaṁ bhikkhuno adhivacanaṁ.

‘Wise one, disciple, is a designation for the trainee disciple.

‘Satthan’ti kho, bhikkhu, ariyāyetaṁ paññāya adhivacanaṁ.

‘Sword, disciple, is a designation for noble wisdom.

‘Abhikkhaṇan’ti kho, bhikkhu, vīriyārambhassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ.

‘Striking, disciple, is a designation for the arousal of energy.

‘Laṅgī’ti kho, bhikkhu, avijjāyetaṁ adhivacanaṁ.

‘Snake, disciple, is a designation for ignorance.

Ukkhipa laṅgiṁ, pajaha avijjaṁ; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyāti ayametassa attho.

Raise the snake, abandon ignorance;

Strike, wise one, with the sword:this is the meaning.

‘Uddhumāyikā’ti kho, bhikkhu, kodhūpāyāsassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ.

Uddhumāyikā, disciple, is the term for vexation and annoyance.

Ukkhipa uddhumāyikaṁ, pajaha kodhūpāyāsaṁ; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyāti ayametassa attho.

Remove the Uddhumāyika, abandon vexation and annoyance; strive wisely, taking up the sword:this is its meaning.

‘Dvidhāpatho’ti kho, bhikkhu, vicikicchāyetaṁ adhivacanaṁ.

Dvidhāpatho, disciple, is the term for doubt.

Ukkhipa dvidhāpathaṁ, pajaha vicikicchaṁ; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyāti ayametassa attho.

Remove the Dvidhāpatha, abandon doubt; strive wisely, taking up the sword:this is its meaning.

‘Caṅgavāran’ti kho, bhikkhu, pañcannetaṁ nīvaraṇānaṁ adhivacanaṁ, seyyathidaṁ— kāmacchandanīvaraṇassa, byāpādanīvaraṇassa, thinamiddhanīvaraṇassa, uddhaccakukkuccanīvaraṇassa, vicikicchānīvaraṇassa.

Caṅgavāra, disciple, is the term for the five hindrances, namely, the hindrances of sense satisfaction, ill will, sloth and torpor, restlessness and worry, and doubt.

Ukkhipa caṅgavāraṁ, pajaha pañca nīvaraṇe; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyāti ayametassa attho.

Remove the Caṅgavāra, abandon the five hindrances; strive wisely, taking up the sword:this is its meaning.

‘Kummo’ti kho, bhikkhu, pañcannetaṁ upādānakkhandhānaṁ adhivacanaṁ, seyyathidaṁ— rūpupādānakkhandhassa, vedanupādānakkhandhassa, saññupādānakkhandhassa, saṅkhārupādānakkhandhassa, viññāṇupādānakkhandhassa.

Kummo, disciple, is the term for the five aggregates of clinging, namely, the aggregate of clinging to form, to sensation, to perception, to formations, and to consciousness.

Ukkhipa kummaṁ, pajaha pañcupādānakkhandhe; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyāti ayametassa attho.

Remove the Kumma, abandon the five aggregates of clinging; strive wisely, taking up the sword:this is its meaning.

‘Asisūnā’ti kho, bhikkhu, pañcannetaṁ kāmaguṇānaṁ adhivacanaṁ— cakkhuviññeyyānaṁ rūpānaṁ iṭṭhānaṁ kantānaṁ manāpānaṁ piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, sotaviññeyyānaṁ saddānaṁ …pe… ghānaviññeyyānaṁ gandhānaṁ …pe… jivhāviññeyyānaṁ rasānaṁ …pe… kāyaviññeyyānaṁ phoṭṭhabbānaṁ iṭṭhānaṁ kantānaṁ manāpānaṁ piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.

Asisūnā, disciple, is the term for the five strands of sense satisfaction:forms cognizable by the eye, which are desirable, enticing, pleasant, dear, connected with sense satisfaction, and alluring; sounds cognizable by the ear; smells cognizable by the nose; tastes cognizable by the tongue; touches cognizable by the body, which are desirable, enticing, pleasant, dear, connected with sense satisfaction, and alluring.

Ukkhipa asisūnaṁ, pajaha pañca kāmaguṇe; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyāti ayametassa attho.

Remove the Asisūnā, abandon the five strands of sense satisfaction; strive wisely, taking up the sword:this is its meaning.

‘Maṁsapesī’ti kho, bhikkhu, nandīrāgassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ.

Maṁsapesī, disciple, is the term for joy and passion.

Ukkhipa maṁsapesiṁ, pajaha nandīrāgaṁ; abhikkhaṇa, sumedha, satthaṁ ādāyāti ayametassa attho.

Remove the Maṁsapesī, abandon joy and passion; strive wisely, taking up the sword:this is its meaning.

‘Nāgo’ti kho, bhikkhu, khīṇāsavassetaṁ bhikkhuno adhivacanaṁ.

Nāgo, disciple, is the term for an arahant disciple.

Tiṭṭhatu nāgo, mā nāgaṁ ghaṭṭesi; namo karohi nāgassāti ayametassa attho”ti.

Let the Nāga remain, do not strike the Nāga; pay homage to the Nāga:this is its meaning.

Idamavoca bhagavā.

Thus spoke the Blessed One.

Attamano āyasmā kumārakassapo bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandīti.

The Venerable Kumārakassapa rejoiced and approved of the Blessed One's words.

Vammikasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ tatiyaṁ.

This concludes the Vammika Sutta, the third.